Dimitri Kordzaya

 

TRADITIONAL MEDICINE, INTEGRATIVE MEDICAL APPROACH: REALITY AND GENERAL TENDENCY

 

Academy of Classical and Traditional Medicine

Tbilisi, Georgia

         

         At present the sharp growth of interest in Traditional Medicine and in such Alternative Directions of Medicine as: Acupuncture, Su-Jok Therapy, Homeopathy, Curative Yoga, Bioenergy Therapy, National Traditional and People's Medicine, etc. is observed in Georgia as well as in the whole world. This interest is stipulated by high medical effectiveness, affordability and by the absence of allergic and other reactions, which are typical for chemically produced drugs (medicines).

         Therefore legal bases of the Traditional and Alternative Medicine activity as well as pre-  and post-diploma education process and certification of specialists are necessary to be improved.

In order to analyze conditions of the Traditional and Alternative Directions of Medicine it is important to accept their definitions.

          First of all, what does the Medicine mean?

          For this purpose it is necessary to define the health of a human.

According to WHO, the human's health is his/her absolute - biological, spiritual and social prosperity. How to understand it?  What does the “prosperity” imply? All kind of human lives in physical, cultural, social and etc. environments. The prosperity means to be with these environments in harmonic equilibrium. More precisely, to be in such equilibrium, that allows the optimal realization of functions the person has to accomplish. In another words, it is coordinated that the health means to be in absolute harmony with nature and society.

          And what is the medicine?

          The Medicine is the unity of scientific and practical activities purposing to preserve health condition, or in other words, to bring condition in harmony with environment. In case of disturbance of this harmony balance - medicine has to recover it. By medical terminology, medicine is the unity of theory and practice directing towards the health care: to get rid of illness, but in case the illness develops, to treat (cure) it.

           Medicine realizes its functions by universal methods: Allopathy, Isopathy and Homeopathy.

            Allopathy implicates the influence by opposite. Allopathic approach is used for prophylaxis of illnesses as well as for treatment. For example, in case pathogenic microbes are reproduced in organism causing disturbance of body-environment balance (harmony), anti- microbe remedies – antibiotics should be used.

             Isopathy implicates the influences by the same: the classical example of Isopathic influence is vaccination. We let the minimal dose of this antigen in a human’s organism, which is a self-provoker of illness.

            Homeopathy implicates the influence by the similar: The least doses of those drugs, that provoke the similar symptoms as illness, are given to patients. Generally well-known example of homeopathic influence is the reception of quinine in malaria. The quinine in high doses provokes similar symptoms as malaria.

Thus, we've explained shortly:

 1) What the health is?

 2) What the Medicine is?

 3) What are the medical methods?   

            Now we have to explain what the Classical and Traditional Medicine is. What do these terms mean, and how are they considered in international practice?

           Medical knowledge, as well as knowledge in general, is based on plural empirical facts, connected as the result of observation or/and experiment. Periodically, stored knowledge has undergone analyses and systematization by distinguished individuals and in such way was transmitted to following generations, etc. (of course, the creation of written language considerably assisted to the generalization of knowledge). In the same way systematized and stored Medicine knowledge has been becoming obligatory for followers of this field. Thus, step by step was created so-called Classical Medicine (Modern Medicine), which uses all three aforesaid methods but with the evident primate of Allophathy.

           By international recognition it takes beginning from old Greece Medicine - from the Hypocrite’s study. It should be considered, that the Shumerians, Egyptians, even the old Kolkhidas’ (west Georgian) Medicine traditions has assumed the basis of Hypocrite’s Medicine. It is noteworthy, old Romans named the field "Medicine" after Kolkhidas’ princess Media, due to her greatest knowledge in curative plants and magic medical art she took from Kolkhida to Greece.

          Therefore today under the definition of Classical Medicine the world means the Medicine which is officially recognized in the economically developed Europe, in the USA, in republics of former Soviet Union and etc., has fully organized educational and methodological system (including the avowed criteria of value’s of results of preventive-treatment activity).

          The widely spread synonyms of Classical Medicine are - Modern Medicine, Official Medicine. This latest term is gaining foothold after the wide development of insurance system in Medicine. (Insurance companies finance only the expenses of officially acknowledged medical service).

          What is the Traditional Medicine?

          Traditional Medicine is Medical reasoning system elaborated and experienced during the centuries by several countries, nations, peoples’ or inhabitant’s big group, which was developed independently from the classical Medicine on alternative principles. Its effectiveness has been proved by history and empiric. The classical example of Traditional Medicine is Traditional Chinese Medicine, Traditional Tibetan Medicine and Traditional Indian Medicine. Generally it has to be pointed out that the Traditional Medicine developed in oriental countries, which historically have missed the way of European civilization (unfortunately, or on the contrary, gladly).

           What tendency is noted for today? Chrestomathical part of the Traditional Chinese Medicine - Acupuncture, which has perfectly formulated programs, methods, manuals of teaching, also the statistic of official estimation recognized by WHO.

           As for such kind of interesting directions as Homeopathy, Su-Jok Therapy etc., we think, it is difficult to identify them with the Traditional Medicine as far as they have personal founders. In case of Homeopathy it is Swedish Haneman (18th century), in case of Su-Jok Therapy - Korean Pak-Je-Wu, our contemporary classic. So, any newly appeared direction of Medicine, and it is also presumable in future, has to be discussed precisely as the new directions of Medicine, which step by step will become the part of Classical, Official, Modern medicine after creation of trustworthy statistic of results.  Homeopathy may serve as an example to it: this direction is widely applied in various countries of the world (today it is recognized, that about one third part of population of England, Germany, French appeals to Homeopathists; Insurance companies are also highly interested In Homeopathic medical service). Such tendency is also observed in Georgia.

           Often Homeopathy, Acupuncture and Su-Jok Therapy are called as the Alternative directions. Why dose it happen?

            Alternatives of what are these directions? Is it of Medicine? Obviously not!. In case of Homeopathy it is stipulated by the primate method of Homeopathy - Homeopathic method, which opines alternatively towards the general method of classical Medicine - Allopathy? (Although, as we have mentioned, the classical Medicine also uses Homeophatic methods). As for the Su-Jok Therapy, it is based on fundamental principles of the Traditional Chinese Acupuncture – auto-bio-energy-correction. The mechanisms, with the help of which are realized this correction, is more or less clear.It is Allophatic mechanizm. For example: in case ”In” energy is increased, it has to decrease, or it has to reinforce its opposite”Ian” energy contrary.

           The term "alternative" should be stipulated by different philosophical-methodical approach: The classical Medicine analyses a human, as bio-social animal, whose health and illness processes are studied from the position of the bio-physical, bio-chemical changes taking place in the organism as in structural-functional wholeness.                                                          

            Traditional Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine) takes a human, as the part of general cosmic wholeness. As for the health and illness, they are taken as preservation of balance by organism in this wholeness, or in opposite, as disturbance of this balance.  But it should be pointed out, that for the last years the Classical Medicine has been becoming more and more interesting in the conception explaining the human body as the part of cosmic wholeness. It is confirmed by the presentation of such fields as Gravitation Medicine, Bio-energy-informational medicine, etc. Such well-known directions of Classical Medicine as cardiology, neurology, psychiatry, etc. also begin the study of influences of cosmic phenomenon over an organism.

            On its part, Traditional Medicine, e.g. Traditional Chinese Acupuncture, begins to study the biophysical-biochemical peculiarities of the self-basis - Meridian systems structure as well as study of the mechanisms of physiological and phato-physiological influences. So the evident tendency of combination of two directions is appearing vividly.

           Therefore to determine the above-mentioned directions of medicine as Alternative is quite relative.

            Thus:

             All directions of Medicine - traditional, conditionally alternative or simply a new direction, have to pass the following way: to gain positions and authority with wide trustworthy statistic, scientific analysis of the mechanisms of influence and to transmit into the Classical Medicine -  to become its organic part.

             What is the current situation with Traditional Medicine in Georgia;

             Following the above-given definition to the Traditional Medicine, for today, Traditional Georgian Medicine have not been recognized. However, it is completely presumable, that old Traditional Georgian Medicine  (Kolkhidas' Medicine - "Medea’s Medicine") has represented the real Traditional medicine which has already joined the world Classical Medicine (become its inalienable part).

               Proceeding from high level of Medicine, which historically was always permitted in Georgia, we can conclude, that the Georgian Medicine is composed of Classical Medicine and of that residual part of old Traditional Medicine, which was transmitted and developed as Georgian Church Medicine and Georgian people’s Medicine. For today these two latest  are the layers of pure gold, which can be used successfully for national culture and health.

                 At the same time, it is necessary to create and polish the legislative basis, first of all, the law about Traditional Medicine should be adopted by Parliament; old Georgian medical books should be studied; tradition of cultivate-reproduction and collection of curative plants should be restored;  trustworthy statistical data should be created.

                  We should accelerate the promotion of the residual part of old Traditional Georgian Medicine in order to pass the general way from Traditional to Classical Medicine as promptly as possible.